• Numbers that begin a sentence, title, subtitle, or heading 

• Common fractions 

• Accepted usage such as idiomatic expressions and numbers used as pronouns 

• Other uses of “one” in running text (e.g., when meaning "a")
• Ordinals first through ninth
• Numbers spelled out in quotes or published titles.

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• This supplement is available to be used with other CDISC user guides for specific therapeutic/disease areas and follows the CDISC Study Data Tabulation Model Implementation Guide for Human Clinical Trials.

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Revision History

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© 2024 Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium, Inc. All rights reserved. 

1 Introduction

This document describes the CDISC implementation of the Minnesota Tobacco Withdrawal Scale-Revised (MTWS-R) instrument.

There is no known standard case report form (CRF) available for this instrument. CDISC created this CRF to represent the instrument, which CDISC believes is in the public domain. This is not an endorsement of the instrument. The creation of this instrument was based on published articles describing the instrument. Sponsors may create this instrument’s CRF using their style guidelines, but they need to maintain the wording and order of the questions/items and responses as described on the CRF. 

The representation of data collected for this instrument is based on the Study Data Tabulation Model Implementation Guide (SDTMIG) Questionnaires (QS) domain model, which can be found on the CDISC website at: https://www.cdisc.org/standards/foundational/sdtmig.

The specific implementation details for this instrument are meant to be used in conjunction with the SDTMIG. All CDISC questionnaires, ratings, and scales (QRS) documentation packages can be found on the CDISC website at: https://www.cdisc.org/standards/foundational/qrs.

The CDISC Intellectual Property Policy can be found on the CDISC website at: https://www.cdisc.org/about/bylaws.

1.1 Representations and Warranties, Limitations of Liability, and Disclaimers

This document is a supplement to the SDTMIG for Human Clinical Trials and is covered under Appendix F of that document, which describes representations, warranties, limitations of liability, and disclaimers. Please see Appendix F of the SDTMIG for a complete version of this material.

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2 Copyright Status

CDISC believes this instrument to be in the public domain, but you should perform your own assessment. CDISC has included the MTWS-R in the CDISC inventory of QRS data standards supplements. Hence, CDISC developed QSTESTCD and QSTEST for each item based on the text on the instrument. There may be many versions of this instrument. CDISC has chosen to use this version as the data standard.

The CDISC documentation of this instrument consists of: (1) controlled terminology, (2) standard database structure with examples, and (3) CRF(s) annotated with the CDISC SDTMIG variables with submission values. 

Note: CDISC Controlled Terminology is maintained by National Cancer Institute (NCI) Enterprise Vocabulary Services (EVS). The most recent version should be accessed through the CDISC website at: https://www.cdisc.org/standards/terminology/controlled-terminology.

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Include the following statements as standalone paragraphs for copyrighted instruments:

CDISC has developed this documentation at no cost to the copyright holder or any additional cost to users of the instrument beyond the normal license fees charged by the copyright holder.

CDISC acknowledges [insert the name of the copyright holder, in blue text] (e.g., Dr. A. J. Rush, at the UT Southwestern Medical Center) for the approval to include the QRS Short_Name in the CDISC data standards.

Only include the actual references and all material used in developing the supplement on the reference section below. This should be a reference paper or a website reference in place of a paper.

Reference for the MTWS-R:

Minnesota Tobacco Withdrawal Scale-Revised (MTWS-R) (Hughes JR. Measurement of the effects of abstinence from tobacco. A qualitative review. Psychol Addict Behav 2007;21:127-137). 

3 The QS Domain Model

3.1 Assumptions for the QS Domain Model

All assumptions and business rules described in the SDTMIG QS domain are applicable to this supplement. Additional assumptions specific to the QRS Short_Name are listed below.

The MTWS-R evaluates the effects of smoking cessation. It is a 15-item self-report measure of tobacco withdrawal. Each item is rated on a 5-point ordinal scale (0=None, 1=Slight, 2=Mild, 3=Moderate, 4=Severe). A total score, based on 8 of these items, between 0-32 is also captured.

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The original scores include a numeric rating (0-4) and a definition of what is represented by the rating (e.g., 0 = "None"). For the MTWS-R, QSORRES is populated with the text description while the numeric rating is represented in the standardized character and numeric result variables QSSTRESC and QSSTRESN.

Include a description of the evaluation interval if one exists. This may be numeric (QSEVLINT) or text (QSEVINTX). When the evaluation interval is provided in text and cannot be described in ISO 8601 format, use QSEVINTX instead of "QSEVLINT field in ISO 8601 format" and replace "the past 7 days" with the text (e.g., "DAYTIME'". Refer to SDTMIG Section 2.2.5 Timing Variables for All Classes). The evaluation interval needs to be clearly defined on the CRF. Remove this point if it does not apply.: 

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Records are created in qs.xpt for every instrument item: 

1. For items with no data, QSORRES, QSSTRESC, and QSSTRESN are all missing and QSSTAT = "NOT DONE". If the reason is known then that reason is represented in QSREASND (e.g., QSREASND = "PREFER NOT TO ANSWER"). If the reason is unknown, then QSSTAT = "NOT DONE" and QSREASND is missing.

2. Due to the variability of copyright holder and public domain derived subscore and overall score generation processes, records are not included for derived subscores or overall scores that are not provided.

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If the instrument standards currently being developed includes conditionally branched items, insert: Some items on the QRS Short_Name may be conditionally branched per the instrument instructions. Only one of the 2 oxygen saturation scales (RSTESTCD = "NEWS102" or "NEWS103") is completed for each subject. The other will be treated as a conditionally branched item. In addition, item RSTESTCD = "NEWS104A" is only completed when the response to RSTESTCD = "NEWS104" is the amount of oxygen received (in L/min). A record is created in rs.xpt for all items. When an item is considered a conditionally branched item, it is represented as follows:

When assigned with conditionally branched responses are not documented in the instrument’s instructions or a user manual:

1. QNAM = “QSCBRFL”, QLABEL = “Conditional Branched Item Flag“, QVAL = “Y” (this is a QS supplemental qualifier variable related to the record).
2. QSORRES, QSSTRESC, and QSSTRESN are set to null (missing).

When assigned conditionally branched responses are documented in instructions or a user manual:

1. QNAM = “QSCBRFL”, QLABEL = “Conditional Branched Item Flag“, QVAL = “Y” (this is a QS supplemental qualifier variable).
2. The QSORRES responses are represented as follows:
1. For severity items, QSORRES = "None".
2. For interference items, QSORRES = "Not at all".
3. If numeric response values are assigned, they are represented here: QSSTRESC = 0 and QSSTRESN = 0.

   or if no numeric responses are assigned: QSSTRESC = NULL and QSSTRESN = NULL.

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Include this point if overall score(s) are submitted to SDTM. Update blue text: The QRS Short_Name instrument includes an overall score (and subscores or other scores as needed.  If so, change "that is" to "that are") that is considered as captured data on the instrument and is not considered as derived in the example below. These scores may be submitted in SDTM or derived in the Analysis Data Model (ADaM) per scoring instructions from [Insert copyright holder's name or other source.].

1. Subscores and overall scores are represented in--ORRES, --STRESC, and --STRESN.
2. If subscores or overall scores are received or derived by the sponsor, it is recommended that they are submitted to SDTM and verified in ADaM whenever feasible. It is the sponsors repsonsibility to do this verification based on the instrument's user manual or instructions from the copyright owner.

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The SUPPQUAL variables used are a series of non-standard variables that represent collected administrator information, administration device, etc., and these updated SUPPQUAL variables are included in the WIKI non-standard variable registry (Non-standard Variable Registry). For example:

1. PPRAID which is "Preprinted Administrator Identifier".
2. COLAVL which is "Collected Administrator Value".

The supplement version 1.0 of the FAS-NACC UDS V3.0 instrument shows an implementation example.

The QRS Short_Name instrument collects administrative information as the preprinted examiner’s initials and the collected response. This is represented in the SUPPQUAL variable QNAM = --PPRAID” with QNAM = “Preprinted Administrator Identifier” and QVAL = “EXAMINER’S INITIALS”. The collected initials response is represented with QNAM = “--COLAID” and QNAM = “Collected Administrator Identifier” and QVAL = “ADM1”.

This is part of the data example for the SUPPQUAL variables.

The SUPPRS table represents the preprinted and collected administrative items represented on the CRF. 

 supprs.xpt

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Include this point if there are comments at the end of the instrument. Remove this point if it does not apply.: Comments located at the end of the QRS Short_Name will be recorded in the Comments domain (CO). All assumptions and business rules described in the SDTMIG CO domain are applicable.

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Include this point if there are responses over 200 characters. Remove this point if it does not apply: Some responses to the QRS Short_Name items exceeded the 200-character limit for the QSORRES variable and needed to be reduced to fewer than 200 characters. Section 4, SDTM Mapping Strategy, indicates which item responses were revised in order to fit the 200-character limit.

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Terminology

1. QSCAT, QSTESTCD, QSTEST, QSORRES, QSSTRESC, and QSSTRESN (and other variables such as QSORRESU as needed; only include QSORRES, QSSTRESC, and QSSTRESN if the responses are published in CT with public domains instruments) values are included in CDISC Controlled Terminology.

2. A full list of value sets for the qualifier, timing, result, and unit fields is provided in Section 4, SDTM Mapping Strategy. (Note: Only the result field is always used. Include qualifier, timing, and unit fields as needed and remove this note.)

3.2 Example for the QRS Short_Name QS Domain Model

The QRS Short_Name example below shows the terminology used to implement the instrument in the QS domain. This example shows the data for 1 subject collected at the baseline visit for the QRS Short_Name instrument. The example uses CDISC Controlled Terminology for QSTESTCD, QSTEST, and QSCAT. All original results, matching the CRF item response text, are represented in QSORRES. When there are numeric results, then use this sentence next, "This result is then represented as a standard numeric score in QSSTRESN and as a standard character representation in QSSTRESC." When the results are character only, then use these sentences next, "This result is then transformed into the standard character representation in QSSTRESC. QSSTRESN is null as there are no standardized numeric results for this instrument."

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Update the data in the table below to the current instrument. Include row descriptions as needed to highlight idiosyncrasies or items otherwise of note in this particular instrument. If only 1 or 2 row descriptions are needed, then the information should be included as a paragraph instead.

For the not done visit that is now being included in all QRS supplements, when no reason is collected, information should be included, either in the paragraph before, or as a row description as follows:

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When the reason is collected for a not done visit, information or a row description should be added as follows:

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The following is for illustrative purposes and would not really be included for the IDS-SR instrument in this template. It provides an example of what would need to be included if the instrument required supplemental qualifiers (see Section 5 Supplemental Qualifier Name Codes):

Text that would remain unchanged has been left in black:

The evaluation interval text value for data collection needs to be populated in SUPPQS as follows. The standard terminology for QNAM and QLABEL are listed below.

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4 SDTM Mapping Strategy

This section is used for reference regarding the CRF data capture and to understand the alignment of the instrument to the SDTM QS domain. It also provides guidance on how the result variables (QSORRES, QSSTRESC, and QSSTRESN) should be populated.

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For QRS instruments with subcategories:

When subcategories are used on an instrument, a table with the following introduction information should appear before the mappings for results.

QSSCAT alignment with QSTESTCD

As stated in Section 3.1 assumptions, items on the QRS Short_Name are grouped into subcategories. The table below includes the subcategory names along with the applicable item numbers for each category. The values of the subcategories are used to populate QSSCAT and are annotated on the CRF.

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If all items have the same original result values, with the same standardized character and numeric values, then only include one table showing the values of QSORRES/QSSTRESC/QSSTRESN and put "All QSTESTCDs" (title case "All", and in quotes) above the table:

"All QSTESTCDs"

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Similarly, if some, but not all, QSTESTCDs share the same original result and standardized values, then the QSTESTCD and corresponding QSTEST values are put in a list above the table rather than providing a separate table for each QSTESTCD/QSTEST.

Revision History

© 2024 Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium, Inc. All rights reserved. 

1 Introduction

This document describes the CDISC implementation of the Minnesota Tobacco Withdrawal Scale-Revised (MTWS-R) instrument.

There is no known standard case report form (CRF) available for this instrument. CDISC created this CRF to represent the instrument which CDISC believes is in the public domain. This is not an endorsement of the instrument. The creation of this instrument was based on published articles describing the instrument. Sponsors may create this instrument’s CRF using their style guidelines, but they need to maintain the wording and order of the questions/items and responses as described on the CRF. The instrument is labeled a "Behavior Rating Scale" and not a "Withdrawal Scale" because subjects (1) are confused by filling out a “withdrawal” scale prior to cessation, and (2) will sometimes not report a symptom during abstinence if they do not believe it is due to withdrawal.

The representation of data collected for this instrument is based on the Study Data Tabulation Model Implementation Guide (SDTMIG) Questionnaire (QS) domain model, which can be found on the CDISC website at: https://www.cdisc.org/standards/foundational/sdtmig.

The specific implementation details for this instrument are meant to be used in conjunction with the SDTMIG. All CDISC questionnaires, ratings, and scales (QRS) documentation packages can be found on the CDISC website at: https://www.cdisc.org/standards/foundational/qrs.

The CDISC Intellectual Property Policy can be found on the CDISC website at: https://www.cdisc.org/about/bylaws.

1.1 Representations and Warranties, Limitations of Liability, and Disclaimers

This document is a supplement to the SDTMIG for Human Clinical Trials and is covered under Appendix F of that document, which describes representations, warranties, limitations of liability, and disclaimers. Please see Appendix F of the SDTMIG for a complete version of this material.

CDISC specifies how to structure the data that has been collected in a database, not what should be collected or how to conduct clinical assessments or implement protocols. CDISC disclaims any liability for your use of this material.

2 Copyright Status

CDISC believes this instrument to be in the public domain, but you should perform your own assessment. CDISC has included the MTWS-R in the CDISC inventory of QRS data standards supplements. Hence, CDISC developed QSTESTCD and QSTEST for each item based on the text on the instrument. There may be many versions of this instrument. CDISC has chosen to use this version as the data standard.

The CDISC documentation of this instrument consists of: (1) controlled terminology, (2) standard database structure with examples, and (3) CRF(s) annotated with the CDISC SDTMIG variables with submission values. 

Note: CDISC Controlled Terminology is maintained by National Cancer Institute (NCI) Enterprise Vocabulary Services (EVS). The most recent version should be accessed through the CDISC website at: https://www.cdisc.org/standards/terminology/controlled-terminology.

References for the MTWS-R:

• Minnesota Tobacco Withdrawal Scale-Revised (MTWS-R) (Hughes JR. Measurement of the effects of abstinence from tobacco. A qualitative review. Psychol Addict Behav 2007;21:127-137). 
• http://www.med.uvm.edu/behaviorandhealth/research/minnesota-tobacco-withdrawal-scale

3 The QS Domain Model

3.1 Assumptions for the QS Domain Model

All assumptions and business rules described in the SDTMIG QS domain are applicable to this supplement. Additional assumptions specific to the MTWS-R are listed below.

The MTWS-R evaluates the effects of smoking cessation. It is a 15-item self-report measure of tobacco withdrawal. Each item is rated on a 5-point ordinal scale (0 = "None", 1 = "Slight", 2 = "Mild", 3 = "Moderate", 4 = "Severe"). A total score, based on 8 of these items, between 0-32 is also captured.

1. The original scores include a numeric rating (0-4) and a definition of what is represented by the rating (e.g., 0 = "None"). For the MTWS-R, QSORRES is populated with the text description; the numeric rating is represented in the standardized character and numeric result variables QSSTRESC and QSSTRESN.

2. The time period of evaluation for the MTWS-R is populated in the QSEVLINTfield in ISO 8601 format when the evaluation interval can be precisely described as duration. The evaluation interval for the MTWS-R is typically the last 24 hours (QSEVLINT = "-PT24H"). 

3. Records are created in qs.xpt for every instrument item: 

   1. For items with no data, QSORRES, QSSTRESC, and QSSTRESN are all missing and QSSTAT = "NOT DONE". If the reason is known, then that reason is represented in QSREASND (e.g., QSREASND = "PREFER NOT TO ANSWER"). If the reason is unknown, then QSSTAT = "NOT DONE" and QSREASND is missing.

   2. Due to the variability of the derived score generation process, records are not included for scores that are not provided.

4. The MTWS-R instrument may include an overall score that is considered as captured data on the instrument and is not considered as derived in the example below. This overall score, or total withdrawal discomfort score, consists of the first 8 symptoms (i.e., QSTESTCDs MTWSR101 through MTWSR108). This score may be submitted in SDTM or derived in the Analysis Data Model (ADaM) per scoring instructions from http://www.med.uvm.edu/behaviorandhealth/research/minnesota-tobacco-withdrawal-scale.

   1. The overall score is represented in QSORRES, QSSTRESC, and QSSTRESN.
   2. If the overall score is received or derived by the sponsor, it is recommended that it is submitted to SDTM and verified in ADaM whenever feasible. It is the sponsor's responsibility to do this verification based on the instrument's user manual or instructions from the owner.
      

5. Terminology

   1. QSCAT, QSTESTCD, QSTEST, QSORRES, QSSTRESC, and QSSTRESN values are included in CDISC Controlled Terminology.

   2. A full list of value sets for the result fields is provided in Section 4, SDTM Mapping Strategy.

3.2 Example for the MTWS-R QS Domain Model

The MTWS-R example below shows the terminology used to implement the instrument in the QS domain. This example shows the data for 1 subject collected at the baseline visit for the MTWS-R instrument. The example uses CDISC Controlled Terminology for QSTESTCD, QSTEST, and QSCAT. All original results, matching the CRF item response text, are represented in QSORRES. This result is then represented as a standard numeric score in QSSTRESN and as a standard character representation in QSSTRESC.

The table represents the items from the MTWS-R instrument.

4 SDTM Mapping Strategy

This section is used for reference regarding the CRF data capture and to understand the alignment of the instrument to the SDTM QS domain. It also provides guidance on how the result variables (QSORRES, QSSTRESC, and QSSTRESN) should be populated.

The controlled response terminology for the tests below is named MTWSR101T15OR for the variable QSORRES and MTWSR101T15STR for the variables QSSTRESN and QSSTRESC.

"All QSTESTCDs"

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If there are responses that correspond to non-consecutive items or 1-7 consecutive items, include the test codes and test names above the table with the responses as follows:

QSTESTCD = "test code 1" QSTEST = "test name 1"

QSTESTCD = "test code 4" QSTEST = "test name 4"

QSTESTCD = "test code 5" QSTEST = "test name 5"

QSTESTCD = "test code 6" QSTEST = "test name 6"

QSTESTCD = "test code 7" QSTEST = "test name 7"

QSTESTCD = "test code 8" QSTEST = "test name 8"

QSTESTCD = "test code 15" QSTEST = "test name 15"

QSTESTCD = "test code 22" QSTEST = "test name 22"

QSTESTCD = "test code 27" QSTEST = "test name 27"

QSTESTCD = "test code 29" QSTEST = "test name 29"

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Omit the QSSTRESN column when it is not applicable to the dataset.

QSTESTCD = "test code" QSTEST = "test name"

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For responses that are for 8 or more consecutive items, an override label should be used in QRS Maker to show the items that are included as follows:

QSTESTCD = "first test code in sequence" QSTEST = "first test name in sequence" through

QSTESTCD = "last test code in sequence" QSTEST = "last test name in sequence"

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5 Supplemental Qualifier Name Codes

The following table contains additional standard name codes for use in the Supplement Qualifiers for Questionnaires (SUPPQS) special purpose dataset.

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End of Document