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This contains the Trial Design datasets that describe The Trial Visits (TV) domain contains the planned order and number of visits in the study within each arm. The Trial Design datasets—Trial Arms (TA) and Trial Elements (TE)—describe the planned design of the study, and provide the representation of the study product in its most granular components, as well as the representation of all sequences of these components as descripted described in the protocol.. The TA and TE datasets are interrelated, and they provide the building blocks for the development of actual subject-level information included in the Demographics (DM) , and Subject Elements (SE) domaindomains. 

This section includes example trials, studies which illustrate TV and the development of the TA and TE dataset. 

The core of the Trial Design Model is the TA dataset. For each arm of the trial, the TA dataset contains 1 record for each occurrence of an element in the path of the arm.

Although the TA dataset has 1 record for each trial element traversed by subjects assigned to the arm, it is generally more useful to work out the overall design of the trial at the study cell level first, then to work out the elements within each study cell, and finally to develop the definitions of the elements that are contained in the Trial Elements (TE) table.

When working out the design of a trial, it is generally useful to draw diagrams such as those mentioned in ICH E3. The protocol may include a diagram that can serve as a starting point. Such a diagram can then be converted into a trial design matrix that displays the study cells and which in turn can be converted into the TA dataset.

This section uses example trials of increasing complexity to illustrate the concepts of trial design. For each example trial, the process of working out the TA table is illustrated by means of a series of diagrams and tables, including:

• A diagram showing the branching structure of the trial in a “study schema” format such as might appear in a protocol

• A diagram that shows the “prospective” view of the trial (i.e., the view of those participating in the trial). This is similar to the study schema view in that it usually shows a single pool of subjects at the beginning of the trial, with the pool of subjects being split into separate treatment groups at randomizations and other branches. Such diagrams include the epochs of the trial, and, for each group of subjects and each epoch, the sequence of elements within each epoch for that treatment group. The arms are also indicated on these diagrams.
• A diagram that shows the “retrospective” view of the trial (i.e., the view of the analyst reporting on the trial). This style of diagram looks more like a matrix; it is also more like the structure of the TA dataset. The retrospective view is arm-centered and shows, for each study cell (epoch/arm combination) the sequence of elements within that study cell. It can be thought of as showing, for each arm, the elements traversed by a subject who completed that arm as intended.
• If the trial is blinded, a diagram that shows the trial as it appears to a blinded participant
• A trial design matrix, an alternative format for representing most of the information in the diagram that shows arms and epochs, and which emphasizes the study cells
• The TA dataset

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datasets.